Hurricane RINA: A Powerful and Slow-Moving Tropical Cyclone’s Impact on the Northwestern Caribbean Sea in 2011

Hurricane RINA, the seventeenth named storm, seventh hurricane, and fourth major hurricane of the 2011 hurricane season, had a significant impact on the northwestern Caribbean Sea in late October. This research article provides an overview of RINA’s development, track, and impacts on the affected regions. While RINA initially intensified rapidly, peaking as a Category 3 hurricane, it weakened substantially before making landfall in northern Quintana Roo, Mexico. The storm caused minor impacts, including flooding, downed trees, and power outages in Mexico, while also triggering heavy rainfall and tornadoes in southeastern Florida. The estimated cost of damage in Florida amounted to $2.3 million (2011 USD). This article concludes with recommendations for preparedness in the face of future hurricane threats similar to RINA.

Introduction: Hurricane RINA originated from a tropical wave in the western Caribbean on October 23, 2011. Within a short period, it intensified and was upgraded to Tropical Storm RINA on October 24, reaching hurricane status the same day. Continuing on a west-northwest track, RINA further intensified, peaking as a Category 3 hurricane on October 25. However, by October 26, RINA weakened significantly, becoming a Category 1 hurricane, and further degraded to a tropical storm on October 27.

Impacts Before Landfall: In anticipation of RINA’s approach, several tropical cyclone warnings and watches were issued in Belize, Honduras, and Mexico. Carnival Cruise Lines altered the itineraries of eight ships to avoid the developing storm. In Mexico, authorities ordered hundreds of people to evacuate from Punta Allen, and 50 emergency shelters were set up in Cancún. Despite these precautionary measures, RINA weakened considerably prior to landfall, resulting in only minor impacts in Mexico. The main consequences included localized flooding in low-lying areas, along with scattered reports of downed trees and power lines.

Landfall and Post-Landfall Impacts: RINA made landfall in northern Quintana Roo, Mexico, early on October 28. As it crossed the region, the cyclone weakened further and eventually degenerated into a remnant low while emerging into the Yucatán Channel on the same day. The remnants dissipated near the western tip of Cuba on October 29.

Impacts on Florida: The convergence of RINA’s moisture and a cold front resulted in heavy rainfall across southeastern Florida. Broward, Miami-Dade, and Palm Beach counties experienced street inundation, and dozens of homes sustained water damage. In Broward County alone, approximately 160 homes were flooded. Furthermore, two tornadoes were spawned near Hobe Sound, causing damage to 42 mobile homes, 2 vehicles, and numerous trees.

Losses and Rebuilding Efforts: The estimated cost of damage caused by Hurricane RINA in Florida amounted to $2.3 million (2011 USD). The affected areas faced the daunting task of cleaning up and rebuilding damaged infrastructure, homes, and businesses. Efforts were undertaken to repair flooded homes, clear debris, and restore power to affected regions.

Preparedness Recommendations: To enhance preparedness when faced with the potential landfall of a hurricane similar to RINA, several measures should be considered:

• Stay informed: Regularly monitor reliable weather forecasts, including updates from meteorological agencies and local authorities.
• Develop an emergency plan: Create a comprehensive plan for your family or business, including evacuation routes, communication strategies, and essential supplies.
• Secure property: Reinforce structures, trim trees, and secure loose objects that may become projectiles during high winds.
• Prepare an emergency kit: Assemble a well-stocked kit including essential supplies such as non-perishable food, water, medications, flashlights, batteries, and first aid items.
• Follow evacuation orders: If instructed to evacuate, follow authorities’ instructions promptly and evacuate to a safe location.
• Maintain insurance coverage: Ensure that your property is adequately insured against hurricane-related risks.

Interesting Fact: As a direct result of Hurricane RINA, the impacted regions experienced enhanced awareness and preparedness for future tropical cyclones. Local communities, governments, and emergency response agencies utilized the lessons learned to strengthen their disaster response systems, including improved evacuation plans, early warning systems, and coordination among different stakeholders.

In conclusion, Hurricane RINA, though initially a powerful and slow-moving tropical cyclone, caused only minor impacts in the northwestern Caribbean Sea. Mexico experienced localized flooding, while southeastern Florida dealt with heavy rainfall and tornadoes. By being informed, prepared, and following recommended safety measures, communities can increase their resilience and minimize the potential impacts of future hurricanes similar to RINA.